IPAS Appeals
Annual statistics from the International Protection Appeals Tribunal (IPAT) — the body that hears appeals against International Protection Office (IPO) refusals. Covers appeals received, decisions issued, outcomes, and country of origin from 2019 to 2025. Source: International Protection Appeals Tribunal.
Reading this dashboard
- Appeals are not applicants. The dataset counts appeals processed; one person can lodge multiple appeals (e.g. a Dublin III appeal and a main International Protection appeal). The relationship between appeal counts and unique applicants is not specified in the source data.
- "Refused" means the IPO's refusal was upheld. Outcomes use the source's terminology: "Granted: Asylum" and "Granted: Subsidiary Protection" both indicate the tribunal overturned the IPO; "Refused" indicates the original refusal stands (the next step for the applicant is judicial review, not in this dataset).
- Source data discrepancy noted. The source's 2024 published Grand Total for decisions is 2,877 but the monthly figures only sum to 2,827 — a 50-decision gap in the source's own totals. This dashboard uses the monthly sums.
Appeals on hand — backlog trajectory
Number of appeals pending at the end of each year. The dramatic rise from 851 at end-2022 to 18,864 at end-2025 reflects the gap between appeals received and decisions issued.
Decisions issued — monthly
Monthly number of appeal decisions issued by the tribunal. April 2020 shows zero decisions (COVID-19 disruption). Capacity scaled significantly from 2024 onwards.
Decision outcomes over time
Composition of tribunal decisions per year. Refusals (the IPO's original refusal upheld) consistently account for around 70% of all decisions. The chart uses absolute counts to show how total decision volume has grown.
Country of origin — appeals received
Share of all appeals received per year, broken down by country of origin. Shows how the dominant nationality has shifted year to year. 'Other' covers countries below the source's reporting threshold for that year.