IPAS Appeals
Annual statistics from the International Protection Appeals Tribunal (IPAT) — the body that hears appeals against International Protection Office (IPO) refusals. Covers appeals received, decisions issued, outcomes, and country of origin from 2019 to 2025. Source: International Protection Appeals Tribunal.
Appeals on hand — backlog trajectory
Number of appeals pending at the end of each year. The dramatic rise from 851 at end-2022 to 18,864 at end-2025 reflects the gap between appeals received and decisions issued.
Decisions issued — monthly
Monthly number of appeal decisions issued by the tribunal. April 2020 shows zero decisions (COVID-19 disruption). Capacity scaled significantly from 2024 onwards.
Decision outcomes over time
Composition of tribunal decisions per year. Refusals (the IPO's original refusal upheld) consistently account for around 70% of all decisions. The chart uses absolute counts to show how total decision volume has grown.
Country of origin — appeals received
Share of all appeals received per year, broken down by country of origin. Shows how the dominant nationality has shifted year to year. 'Other' covers countries below the source's reporting threshold for that year.